This week in science we began learning the basics of chemistry. We learned that everything is made up of extremely small things called atoms. Theses atoms are made up of protons, electrons, and neutrons. They can be charged positively, negatively, or neutrally. When a balloon is rubbed on someones head their hair stands up. This is because the hair lost its protons and "wants to get the back" from the balloon. The hair goes toward the balloon because there are some protons still in the air and eventually all of them will come nack from the balloon. When the protons return to the hair, the hair will stop standing up and go back to normal.

We also learned about elements. Elements are classifications of the number of atoms in a group of them. Elements have a certain number of atoms so when the number of atoms changes, the element changes too. The atoms like to have a balanced number of electron and protons. When an atom cloud doesn't have an even number of something, it will do anything to balance itself out. The atoms will combine with other atoms electrons or protons. When atoms combine it becomes a differrent element because the number of atoms have changed.

This week in science we started learning about the phases of the moon. We learned that the first phase of the moon is New Moon. The next stages is are Cresant Moon, Half Moon, Gibbous Moon, and Full Moon. Then they go backwards and after that they repeat. When the moon seems to get bigger it is actually only getting more illuminated which gives the illusion of getting bigger. This is called waxing. When the same thing happens but instead of the moon gets bigger, it gets smaller, it is called Waning.Equinox is when the sun is at a direct point above the eqauter. When we have equinoxs the night is the same amount of time as the day.

We learned about tides. Neap Tides are when the Moon and Sun are at right angles. The forces cancel each other out partially. Then there are tides but there isn't much of a difference between high tide and low tide. We also learned about Spring Tides. Spring Tides are when the moon and sun are lined up with the earth and their forces combine. The water is pulled toward them. There is a big difference between high and low tide. A neumonic device to remeber sping tides is "the water seems to spring off the earth".

This week in science we learned more about how the Earth's gravitational pull affects the Moon. We did an experiment to see what would happen if the Earth suddenly disappeared. We did the by getting a board of would that had a large circular hole vut out of it and an attachable part on the outside of it that could be removed. We set a ball in motion in the ring and when it came around by the attachable part someone took out the attachable part and the ball went out of the ring in a straight line. This means if the Earth ever disappeared the gravitational pull would be gone and the moon would travel in a straight line. Another way the moon could ever get out of the Earth's gravitational pull is if somehow it started going extremely fast. If an object goes fast enough it can "escape" another objects orbit. This is called Escape Velocity.

This week we also worked on porjects and presentations on experiments we did with coffee filters. The experimnet my group and I did was to change the form of the coffee filter. We thought if the form changed the speed would change. We fiegured out that the crumpled coffee filter fell the fastest. This supported out hypothesis.

This week in science we learned that the more mass an object has, the more of a pull the earth has on it. We proved it by doing an experiment where one student held a bowling ball in one hand and a basketball in the other. He had a harder time holding the bowling ball in his hand. The basketball and bowling ball were about the same size but the bowling ball weighs more. That means the earth pulls more on the bowling ball but not on the basketball because it has less mass. We also learned force divided by mass equals exceleration.

This week in science we also learned that even though abjects have different masses, they will still land at the same time if you drop them at the same time. People often make the mistake of thinking the heavier object will land first but that's not true. The earth has a greater pull on the heavier object but that's only because it has more mass. The earth excerts the same amount of force on an object as the object does on the earth. It doesn't matter how much mass an abject has because the earth will match it. This is why the two objects will fall and land at the same time when dropped at the same time.

This week in science we prepared for the NJ ASK test. On Monday and Tuesday we saw a presentation on space and planets in our solar system. We learned the Sun is massive compared to the plantes like Pluto and our planet, Earth. The Sun is not massive, however, to the rest of the universe and the rest of space. Space goes on for millions and millions of light years.

On Wednesday we started learning about forces again. Two students from our class demonstrated an experiment for us.They both sat on carts and one held a bowling ball in his hands and threw it. The other student caught it and moved backward when he caught it. He threw it back to the first student and when he caught it, he moved backward. We learned that the student who threw the bowling ball excerted a force on it and the bowling ball excerted a force on the second student moving him backwards.

We also learned this week that of you hook two spring scales and two people pull on them with the same amount of force, they should read the same amount of Newtons. Some people might think they would both read 0 Newtons because they cancel each other out but forces can't eliminate another force even of it's the same amount.

This week in science we continued with the dynamic lesson we have been doing. We finished lesson five and lesson seven. In lesson five there was a question that involved the motion of a hockey puck. In the question we had to come up with a story where there was the hockey puck was moving but then an unbalanced force comes. The hockey puck keeps moving though. My story was a player was pushing the puck with their stick and another player started pushing on the puck with their stick in the opposite direction. This story means that even though there are two forces on an object it can still move just at a different velocity.

In lesson seven the questions involved two students, one on roller blades and the other pushed the student down a hallway. The first graph showed a flat. the Y axis was the velocity and the X axis was the time. The flat line meant the student on roller blades was going at the same speed the whole time after the other student pushed her. The first graph had the position on the Y axis and the time on the X axis. In the beginning of the graph there was a line but later in the graph it had a line below it from where it ended. This meant the student was moving forward but then she turned around and went backwards. whenever there are two lines and the second one is behind and below the first that means whatever object it is representing moved backwards.

This week in science we started learning about forces of motion and dynamics. We started by learning how to make a force diagram. To make a force diagram you have to draw a dot to represent the object and then one arrow coming out of the dot and pointing up. Then you have to make one coming down and pointing down. Label the down arrow Force of the Earth on (object). Then label the up arrow the Force of (other source exerting force)on (object). Sometimes there is more then arrrow because sometimes there only the earth is exerting force on the object. Sometimes there are more arrows because there are multiple forces.

We also observed the difference of holding a basketball and a bowling ball. To hold up the bowling ball we have to push up more then we have to when we hold the basketball. It is harder to hold up the bowling ball because it exerts a bigger force on out hands.

We also learned what units we use to tell how great the force is. These are call Newtons. Then we learned how to use them in a number sentence. If I was holding the bowling ball then it might be exerting 10N (Newtons) on my hand and the earth would also be exerting 10N. Then number sentence would be 10N+(-10n)=0N.